小型液氮机是压缩空气经压缩后进入冷干机降温脱水，在经过过滤器除油、除尘，然后进入装有碳分子筛的吸附塔，选择性地吸附掉氧气、二氧化碳等杂质气体组分，产生高纯度氮气。小型液氮机的工作原理大致分为三种：以电化学分离法和物理吸附法相结合的方式；采用中空纤维膜分离和采用气相色谱技术用新型合成分子筛分离。

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